ABSTRACT:

African countries are classified under the less developed countries of the world with their attendant disabilities. Human resources management is not an exception. The successful management of Human Resources is one of the keys to the effective operations of an organization. Formal organizations are made up of people. They are set up in order to achieve certain objectives and goals. Therefore. the importance of human resources and its proper management cannot be over emphasized. This paper therefore examines The techniques and tools for achieving effective human resources management: Their constraints in Africa. It . examines a number of definitional and theoretical postulations on human resources management that have inspired the specific techniques and tools discussed here. It attempts to discuss some specific techniques and tools like management by objectives (MBO), job analysis, job evaluation, performance appraisal, manpower planning, staff development. computers and informatics that are likely to impact positively on human resources management. And finally those constraints that diminish their effectiveness in Africa with some recommendations on the way forward.