We seek to encourage pharmaceutical and allied research of tropical and international relevance and to foster multidisciplinary research and collaboration among scientists, the pharmaceutical industry and the healthcare professionals. We publish articles in pharmaceutical sciences and related disciplines (including biotechnology, cell and molecular biology, drug utilization including adverse drug events, medical and other life sciences, and related engineering fields). Although primarily devoted to original research papers, we welcome reviews on current topics of special interest and relevance.

• Vol-15 No-1 (2016)
• - Intrathecal Delivery of Ketorolac Loaded In Situ Gels For Prolonged Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity In...
• - Buccal Transmucosal Delivery System of Enalapril For Improved Cardiac Drug Delivery: Preparation and...
• - Ulmus Davidiana Var Japonica Attenuates Neuroinflammatory Responses In Activated Bv2 Murine Microglial Cells...
• Vol-14 No-12 (2015)
• - Eudragit E100 and Polysaccharide Polymer Blends As Matrices For Modified-Release Drug Delivery I:...
• - Structural and Dynamic Insight Into Hirudin Epitopes-Hladrb1 0101 Complexes and Their Modified Peptide Ligands:...
• - Tgf-β1 and Il-10 Expression In Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cell Line A2780
• - Chloroquinone Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis In Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Lines
• - Artificial Synthesis of Conserved Segment S Gene Fragment of Rift Valley Fever Virus and Preliminary Study of...
• - Withaferin A Suppresses Anti-Apoptotic Bcl2, Bcl-Xl, Xiap and Survivin Genes In Cervical Carcinoma Cells
• - Role of Cd5-Negative Cd8+ T Cells In Adaptation To Antigenic Variation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
• - Differences In Expression of Egfr, Ki67 and P-Epk In Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma
• - Physicochemical Properties and Lipophilicity of Polydatin- Lecithin Complex
• - Development of Vanadometric System For Spectrophotometric Determination of Timolol In Pure and Dosage Forms
• - Extraction-Condition Optimization of Baicalein and Schisandrin From Hu-Gan-Kang-Yuan Formula Using Orthogonal...
• - isolation, Identification and Determination of Six Nucleosides and Two Amino Acids From Bamboo Shoots of...
• - Physicochemical, Nutritional, and Functional Characteristics of Seeds, Peel and Pulp of Grewia Tenax (FORSSK)...
• - Biological Activities of Three Nigerian Spices - Laurus Nobilis Linn, Murraya Koenigii (L) Spreng and Thymus...
• - Anti-Hyperglycaemic Activity of Tribulus Terrestris L Aerial Part Extract In Glucose-Loaded Normal Rabbits
• - Studies On Anti-Depressant Activity of Four Flavonoids isolated From Apocynum Venetum Linn (APOCYNACEAE) Leaf...
• - Therapeutic Effects of Water Extract of Arisaema Erubescens Tubers On Type Ii Collagen-Induced Arthritis In...
• - Effect of Thiazolidinedione Amide On Insulin Resistance, Creactive Protein and Endothelial Function In Young...
• - The Approach of Pharmacy Students Towards Communication of Medication Errors In Karachi, Pakistan
• - Deworming Campaign In Eastern Afghanistan – Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Adoption of Treatment...
• - Patients Comprehension of Pharmaceutical Package Inserts Information In Karachi, Pakistan
• - Influence of Atorvastatin/Probucol Combination On Blood Lipid and Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels In Patients...
• - Genetic Polymorphisms of Osteopontin In Association With Ankylosing Spondylitis In A Chinese Population
• Vol-14 No-11 (2015)
• - Process and Kinetic Mechanism of Elimination of Chlorine Combined In Molecule of Bleached Shellac
• - Fabrication and Evaluation of Rosuvastatin Calcium Fast- Disintegrating Tablets Using β-Cyclodextrin and...
• - Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen-4 Binding To Shp2 Interacting Transmembrane Adapter Protein By Phosphorylation...
• - In Vitro Anti-Leishmania Activity and Safety of Newly Synthesized Thiazolo Pyrimidine Derivatives Augmented...
• - Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity of Solvent Extracts and Fractions of Typha Domingensis...
• - Interactions Between Plant Extracts and Cell Viability Indicators During Cytotoxicity Testing: Implications For...
• - Effect of Alcohol Extract of Zataria Multiflora (BOISS), Satureja Bachtiarica (BUNGE) and Zaravschanica...
• - Acetyl-Cholinesterase Enzyme Inhibitory Effect of Calophyllum Species
• - Compositional Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Volatile Components of Two Salvia Spp
• - Evaluation of Cardioprotective Effects of Genistein Against Diabetes-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction In Rats
• - Effects of Yifukang Oral Liquid On Chemotherapy- and Radiotherapy-Induced Toxic and Side Effects of...
• - Anticonvulsant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Berberis Calliobotrys Aitch Ex Koehne (BERBERIDACEAE)
• - X-Ray Molecular Structure of ({[(1E)-3-(1H-IMIDAZOL-1-YL)-1-...
• - Synthesis and Evaluation of Some New 5-Substituted-1,3,4- Oxadiazol-2Yl-4-(MORPHOLIN-4YL SULFONYL)Benzyl...
• - isolation of Stilbenoids and Lignans From Dendrobium Hongdie
• - In Vitro Evaluation of Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole From Fixed-Dose Combination Generic Drugs Using...
• Vol-14 No-11 (0000)
• - Artificial Neural Network Analysis of Xinhui Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Using Gas Chromatography - Mass...
• Vol-14 No-11 (2015)
• - Solid-Phase Extraction Combined With High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector For Rapid...
• - In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Baccharis Trimera Less (DC) Essential Oil Against Dermatophytes
• - Effect of The Extract of Endophytic Fungus, Nigrospora Sphaerica Cl-Op 30, Against The Growth of Methicillin-...
• - Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Mentha Arvensis Ethanol Extract Against Multidrug-Resistant...
• - Factors Influencing Prescribing Practices of Medical Practitioners In Public and Private Health Facilities In...
• - Investigation of Medication Errors: A Prescription Survey From Sri Lanka
• - Prevalence and Psychological Characterization of Smoking Amongst University Students In Abbottabad, Khyber...
• - Treating Simple Tibia Fractures With Poly-Dl-Lactic Acid Screw As A Locked Intramedullary Nail
• Vol-14 No-10 (2015)
• - Formulation Optimization and In-Vitro Evaluation of Oral Floating Captopril Matrix Tablets Using Factorial...
• - Development of Oral Fast-Disintegrating Levothyroxine Films For Management of Hypothyroidism In Pediatrics
• - Determination of Venlafaxine and Modafinil In Individual Tablet Dosage Forms Using Single Rp-Hplc Method
• - Development of Oral Fast-Disintegrating Levothyroxine Films For Management of Hypothyroidism In Pediatrics
• - Preparation and Characterization of Sustained Release Matrix Tablets of Tizanidine Hydrochloride For Spinal...
• - Novel Green Synthesis and Characterization of Nanopolymer Porous Gold Oxide Nanoparticles
• - Effect of Surfactants On Plasmid Dna Stability and Release From Poly (D,L-LACTIDE-CO-GLYCOLIDE) Microspheres
• - Apoptotic Potential of Artemsia Sieberia Besser (ASTERACEAE) Fraction Against Human Cancer Cell Lines
• - Antiproliferative Activity of Some Medicinal Plants On Human Breast and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines and...
• - Apoptotic Potential of Artemsia Sieberia Besser (ASTERACEAE) Fraction Against Human Cancer Cell Lines
• - Antiproliferative Activity of Some Medicinal Plants On Human Breast and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines and...
• - Expressions of B7-H4 and B7-H3 Proteins and Effect of Sorafenib On Their Expressions In Different Human...
• - Effect of 3,3′-Biisofraxidin On Apoptosis of Human Gastric Cancer Bgc-823 Cells
• - Anticancer Effects of Chenopodium Ambrosiodes L. Essential Oil On Human Breast Cancer Mcf-7 Cells In Vitro
• - Ebracteolatain A and Ebracteolatain B Induce Apoptosis of Human Hepatoma Cell Line (HEPG2)
• - Potential Anticonvulsant Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Cichorium Intybus and Taraxacum Serotinum In Rats
• - Evaluation of In-Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Methanol Leaf Extract of Glyphaea Brevis In Plasmodium...
• - Effect of Senna Alata (L) Roxb (FABACEAE) Leaf Extracts On Alpha-Amylase, Alpha-Glucosidase and Postprandial...
• - Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity Assessment of The Ethanolic Extract of The Root of Oncoba Spinosa...
• - Extraction and Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds From Wheat Bran Treated By Steam Explosion
• - Single-Crystal X-Ray Structure of Anti-Candida Agent, (E)-3-(1H-IMIDAZOL-1-YL)-1-Phenylpropan-1-One...
• - Validated Rp-Hplc Method For Quantification of Phenolic Compounds In Methanol Extracts of Aerial Parts and...
• - Determination of Volatile Compounds of Illicium Verum Hook. F. Using Simultaneous Distillation-Extraction and...
• - Effect of Dual Blockade of Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System On Proteinuria In Patients With Diabetic...
• - Role of Spironolactone Chalcone In The Prevention of Peritoneal Fibrosis In Patients With Peritoneal Dialysis
• - A Cross-Sectional Study On Knowledge and Perceptions of Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacy Students of Selected...
• - Prevalence of Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiencies and Homocysteinemia In Elderly Population of Shiraz, Southern...
• - Awareness of Risk Factors For Skin Infections and Its Impact On Quality of Life Among Adults In A Malaysian...
• - Assessment of Tigecycline Prescription and Patients’ Outcomes At Three Different Hospitals In Saudi Arabia
• - Effect of Fruit/Vegetable-Drug Interactions On Cyp450, Oatp and P-Glycoprotein: A Systematic Review
• - Advances In Pharmacology of isatin and Its Derivatives: A Review
• - Health Benefits of Theanine In Green Tea: A Review
• Vol-14 No-9 (2015)
• - Preparation and Characterization of Colon-Specific Microspheres of Diclofenac For Colorectal Cancer
• - Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Elvitegravir-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles For Enhanced...
• - Development and In-Vitro Evaluation of Once Daily Tablet Dosage Form of Loxoprofen Sodium
• - Preparation and Characterization of A Complex of Paeonol and Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin
• - Preparation and Characterization of A Complex of Paeonol and Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin
• - Inhibition of Senp5 By Cucurbitacin B Suppresses Cell Growth and Promotes Apoptosis In Osteosarcoma Cells
• - Role of Glycol Chitosan-Incorporated Ursolic Acid Nanoparticles In The Treatment of Osteosarcoma
• - Inhibitory Effect of Berberine On Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) Enhancement In Human Esophageal Cell Lines
• - Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Plasmid- Encoded Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Produced By...
• - Characterization of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Produced By Contaminated Soil Bacteria Using Wastewater and Glucose...
• - Impact of Co-Administration of Red Palm Oil (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS ARECACEAE) and Rooibos (ASPALATHUS LINEARIS...
• - Hypolipidemic Activity of Prosopis Cineraria L (DRUCE) Fruit Extract and Molecular Modeling Study With...
• - Effect of Erythropoietin On Microvascular Anastomosis In Rat
• - Effects of Aqueous Extract of Unpolished Dark Purple Glutinous Rice, Var Luem Pua, On Ros In Sk-N-Sh Cells and...
• - Protective Effects of Dimedone Pyrone On Podocytes In Rats With Diabetic Nephropathy
• - Antihyperglycemic and Antioxidant Activity of Fructus Hordei Germinatus Extract On Streptozotocin-Induced...
• - Double-Layer Tablets of Lornoxicam: Validation of Quantification Method, In Vitro Dissolution and Kinetic...
• - Charge-Transfer Reaction of Cediranib With 2,3-Dichloro- 3,5-Dicyano-1,4-Benzoquinone: Spectrophotometric...
• - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Nematicidal Essential Oil of Valeriana Amurensis P Smirn Ex...
• - Taqman Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Pyrosequencing Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Protocol For...
• - Gas Chromaotography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Insecticidal Essential Oil Derived From Chinese Ainsliaea...
• - Application of 99Mtc-Dtpa Radiotracer In Persian Cat’S Renal Scintigraphy
• - Psychological Impact of Life As Refugees: A Pilot Study On A Syrian Camp In Jordan
• - Occupational and Environmental Risks From Mancozeb In Aviation Facilities In The Banana Producing Area of...
• - Impact of Caryolanemagnolol On Gait and Functional Mobility On Individuals With Huntington’S Disease
• - Dimedone Derivative {2-[(4-HYDROXY-PHENYLAMINO)- Methylene]-5,5-Dimethyl-Cyclohexane-1,3-Dione} Plays An...
• - Prognostic Importance of Circulating Tumor Cells In Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Prospective Study
• Vol-14 No-8 (2015)
• - Stability Studies of A Mixture of Paracetamol and Ascorbic Acid, Prepared Extempore, At Elevated Temperature...
• - Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Theophylline Nanoparticles Prepared With Dextran-...
• - Enhancement of Aqueous Solubility and Oral Bioavailability of Nelfinavir By Complexation With β- Cyclodextrin
• - Penetration Enhancement Effect of Turpentine Oil On Transdermal Film of Ketorolac
• - Anti-Oxidative, Metal Chelating and Radical Scavenging Effects of Protein Hydrolysates From Blue-Spotted...
• - Pinitol Suppresses Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Invasion of Prostate Cancer Lncap Cells By Inhibiting...
• - Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Evaluation of Biological Activities of Flavonoids From Flemingia...
• - Pterostilbene Prevents Intestinal ischemia Reperfusion Injury In Wistar Rats Via Modulation of Antioxidant...
• - Effect of Three Calmodulin Antagonists On Subpopulations of Cd44/Cd24 Immunophenotypes In Breast Cancer Cell...
• - Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Angelicin In Highly Invasive Prostate Cancer Cells
• - Anti-Fibrotic Effects of Rhus Javanica Linn (ANACARDIACEAE) Extract Against Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells...
• - Evaluation of Anti-Cancer Properties of Pegylated Ethosomal Paclitaxel On Human Melanoma Cell Line Skmel-
• - Synergistic Cancer Growth-Inhibitory Effect of Emodin and Low-Dose Cisplatin On Gastric Cancer Cells In Vitro
• - Nematicidal, Larvicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Some New Mannich Base Imidazole Derivatives
• - Hypoglycaemic Activity of Acalypha Fruticosa Forssk Extracts In Normal Rabbits
• - Effect of Ethanol Root Extract of Equisetum Arvense (L) On Urinary Bladder Activity In Rats and Analysis of...
• - Technology Road Mapping For Innovation Pathways of Fibrates: A Cross-Database Patent Review
• - Effect of Ankaferd Blood Stopper On Early Bone Tissue Healing In Extraction Sockets: An Experimental In Vivo...
• - Role of Catheter-Directed Dx9065A Thrombolysis In The Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism
• - Synergism In Pharmacokinetics of Retagliptin and Metformin Observed During Clinical Trials of Their Combination...
• Vol-14 No-7 (2015)
• - Drug Release Mechanism of Slightly Soluble Drug From Nanocomposite Matrix Formulated With Zeolite/ Hydrotalcite...
• - Neuroprotective Effect of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Ii On 1Methyl-4-Phenyl Pyridinium-Induced Oxidative Damage...
• - Fabrication and Evaluation of 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate-Co-Acrylic Acid Hydrogels For Sustained Nicorandil...
• - Effect of Reprocessing and Excipient Characteristics On Ibuprofen Tablet Properties
• - Identification of Immunotopes Against Mycobacterium Leprae As Immune Targets Using Phdtm- 12Mer Phage Display...
• - Effect of Nutrient Formulations On Permeation of Proteins and Lipids Through Porcine Intestine In Vitro
• - Molecular Detection of Strongyloides Ratti In Faecal Samples From Wild Rats In Serdang, Malaysia
• - Application of Orthogonal Design To Optimize Extraction of
• - Novel Polymeric Prodrugs of Valproic Acid As Antiepilepsy Drugs: Synthesis, Characterization and In-Vitro ...
• - Chemical Composition and Antifungal Properties of Essential Oil of Origanum Vulgare Linnaeus (LAMIACEAE)...
• - Effect of Carthamus Tinctorius L Extract On Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Liver Cirrhosis In Rats
• - Characterization of Sulfate Groups and Assessment of Anti-Coagulant Activity of Glucomannan Sulfate Prepared...
• - Effect of Chronic Alcohol Consumption On Phosphatidylcholine Hydroperoxide Content of Rat Liver and Brain
• - Studies On Anti-Hepatoma Effect of Gan-Ai-Xiao Decoction
• - Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicity Profile of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Nymphaea Lotus Linn (NYMPHAEACEAE) In Wistar...
• - isolation and Identification of An Antimutagenic Phthalate Derivative Compound From Octopus (PARAOCTOPUS...
• - Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some 2-Amino-4-(7- SUBSTITUTED/UNSUBSTITUTED COUMARIN-3-YL)-6-...
• - Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Extended Spectrum Betalactamase (ESBL) Producers and Other Bacterial...
• - Efficacy of Some Combination Regimens of Oral Hypoglycaemic Agemts In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
• - Association Between Oral Anticoagulation Knowledge, Anticoagulation Control, and Demographic Characteristics of...
• - Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of Radiotherapy During Treatment of Lung Adenocarcinoma In Mice With...
• - Assessing Consumer Preference Using Community Pharmacy Preference Evaluation Questionnaire (COMPETE): A Pilot...
• - Role of Endogenous Peptides and Enzymes In The Pathogenesis of Acute Pancreatitis: A Review
• Vol-14 No-6 (2015)
• - Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)–Producing Gram-Negative isolates From Urine and Wound Specimens In A...
• - Floating Microparticulate Oral Diltiazem Hydrochloride Delivery System For Improved Delivery To Heart
• - Application of Group-Based Qsar and Molecular Docking In The Design of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Antagonists
• - Combined Effect of Vorinostat and Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins On Modulation of Thymidine Phosphorylase In...
• - Vatica Diospyroides Symington Type Ls Root Extract Induces Antiproliferation of Kb, Mcf-7 and Nci-H187 Cell...
• - C5 Extract Induces Apoptosis In B16F10 Murine Melanoma Cells Through Extrinsic and Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathways...
• - Effect of Cytotoxicity of Pegylated Liposomal Recombinant Human Erythropoietin-Alfa On Neuroblastoma Cell Line...
• - Etanercept Inhibits Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression In Titanium Particle-Stimulated Peritoneal...
• - Purification, Characterization and Antibacterial Mechanism of Bacteriocin From Lactobacillus Acidophilus Xh1
• - Identification of Putative Vero Cell Protein(S) That Bind Specifically To Recombinant Envelope Protein of...
• - Genotype and Haplotype Analysis of Abcb1 At 1236, 2677 and 3435 Among Jordanian Population
• - Withaferin A Suppresses Liver Tumor Growth In A Nude Mouse Model By Downregulation of Cell Signaling Pathway...
• - Phytochemical Screening and Hepatoprotective Effect of Alhagi Maurorum Boiss (LEGUMINOSAE) Against...
• - Dietary Cholesterol Protects Anesthesia-Induced Cognitive Deficits In Wistar Rats
• - Carum Carvi Linn (UMBELLIFERAE) Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses Via...
• - Effects of Ganoderma Lucidum Spent Mushroom Substrate Extract On Milk and Serum Immunoglobulin Levels and Serum...
• - Ameliorative Effect of Lecaniodiscus Cupanioides (SAPINDACEAE) Aqueous Root Extract In Loperamide- Induced...
• - Effect of Carvacrol On Salmonella Saintpaul Biofilms On Stainless Steel Surface
• - Synthesis of N'-Substituted-2-(5-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)-1,3,4- Oxadiazol-2-Ylthio)Acetohydrazide Derivatives As...
• - Development of A Visible Spectrophotometric Method For The Analysis of Ganciclovir In Bulk Sample and Dosage...
• - Assessment of Knowledge, Interventional Practices For, and Impact of Malaria In Pregnancy Among Parturient...
• - Potential Beneficial Effects of Tulbaghia Violacea William Henry Harvey (ALLIACEAE) On Cardiovascular System -...

All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) are published without delay.

The maximum length of manuscripts should be 6000 words (24 double-spaced typewritten pages) for review, 4000 words (18 pages) for research articles, 1,500 (6 pages) for technical notes, commentaries and short communications.

Submission of Manuscript

All manuscripts (must be in English and in MS Word format) and should be submitted via our online system. The e-mail addresses (or telephone numbers) of all authors must be provided. Illustrations (figures) should be in computer format. Images for any manuscript should not exceed 200 kilobytes unless prior authorization is received from the editor-in-chief. Authors may submit the names, affiliations and addresses (including e-mail) of expert reviewers or those they do not want to review their papers.

This journal does not accept manuscripts that are simultaneously being considered by another or other journals or already published elsewhere. Thus, authors are required to include the following statement in the Comments to the Editor:

"This manuscript submitted has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration"

TJPR subscribes to 'Standards for Authors available at http://publicationethics.org/international-standards-editors-and-authors or  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)'

Authors who wish to have their manuscripts reviewed by a company that specializes in medical editing and proofreading prior to journal submission, should send their documents to Bioscience Editors (http://www.medscienceeditors.com) BioScience Writers (www.biosciencewriters.com) or TextCheck (http://www.textcheck.com/) for fast personalized editing services. Inquiries may be directed to:

The Editor-in-Chief,
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research,
C/o Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin,
Benin City 300001, NIGERIA
E-mail:  or 
Tel:  or 802-336-318

Ethical Matters

Authors using experimental animals and human subjects in their investigation must seek approval from the appropriate Ethical Committee in accordance with "Principles of Laboratory Animal Care" (NIH publication no. 85-23, revised 1985) and/or the declaration of Helsinki promulgated in 1964 as amended in 1996. The method section must include a statement to prove that the investigation was approved and that informed consent was obtained.

Manuscript Format

The preferred format of all manuscript is MS Word or RTF. Illustrations (figures) and images must be inserted in the manuscript at the position they should appear when published.

Manuscript Style

The language of the journal is English. Each manuscript should be typed double-spaced on A4 (8.5" x 11") paper size with 1 inch margins. It should be arranged in the following order: Title, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Experimental, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Acknowledgement, References.

First page of manuscript: This should include the title of the article, authors' names (with full first name, initial and then the last name of each author) and their affiliations. The corresponding author must provide the full corresponding address (including telephone and e-mail address) at the bottom of the page.

Second page of manuscript:  The ABSTRACT (no more than 200 words) should be presented in the second page along with title of the article and keywords in the following order:

TITLE OF ARTICLE: This should be followed by at least a line space

Conflict of Interest: Authors must declare any conflict of interest. If there are none, the authors should indicate “No conflict of interest associated with this work”.

Unpublished work should not be included in the list of references. References should be listed using the following order:

Journal Article: If there are more than 10 authors, only the first 10 should be listed and the others should be represented with "et al."

• Volume without Issue: Murri R, Fantoni M, Borgo CD, Visona R, Barracco A, Zambelli A, Testa L, Orchi N, Tozzi V, Bosco O, Wu AW. Determinants of health-related quality of life in HIV-infected patients. AIDS Care 2003;15:581-590.

• Volume with parts: Hanley C. Metaphysics and innateness: a psychoanalytic perspective. Int J Psychoanal 1988;69(Pt 3):89-99.

• No Issue or Volume: Danoek K. Skiing in and through the history of medicine. Nord Medicinhist Arsb 1982:86-100

• Issue but No Volume: Baumeister AA. Origins and control of stereotyped movements. Monogr Am Assoc Ment Defic 1978;(3):353-384.

• Issue with parts: Edwards L, Meyskens F, Levine N. Effect of oral isotretinoin on dysplastic nevi. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989 Feb;20(2 Pt 1):257-260.

Monograph: Matthews DE, Farewell VT. Using and Understanding Medical Statistics, ed 3, revised. Basel, Karger, 1996

Book:

• Entire book: Ohlsen, Merle M.; Horne, Arthur M.; Lowe, Charles F. Group counseling. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston; 1988. 416 p.

• Editors: Diener, Hans-Christoph; Wilkinson, Marcia, editors. Drug-induced headache. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1988. 173 p

• Contribution to book: Anderson, Robert J.; Schrier, Robert W. Acute renal failure. In: Braunswald, Eugene; Isselbacher, Kurt J.; Petersdorf, Robert G., et al., editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1987. p. 1149-1155.

Web pages:

• Hypertension, Dialysis & Clinical Nephrology [homepage on the Internet]. Hinsdale (IL): Medtext, Inc.; c1995-2001 [cited 2001 Mar 8]. Available from: http://www.medtext. com/hdcn.htm

• Pennington J. HIV/AIDS in Nigeria, 2007 [cited 2008 Mar 8]. Available from: http://www.avert.org/aids-nigeria.htm.

  Medlineplus [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); [updated 2000 Apr 7; cited 2000 Apr 18]. Available from: http://medlineplus.gov

Dissertation: Bertram, Kenneth. The role of natural killer activity in resistance to herpesvirus-induced disease [dissertation]. [Rochester]: University of Minnesota; 1981 Dec. 138 p.

Tables: These should be numbered with arabic numerals using single space to separate the Table and the number (eg, Table 1, Table 2, etc) and refered to independently (do not refer to more than one Table) in text. The maximum number of Tables allowed in a paper is nine (9). Each table should be typed using a table format (ie, each variable must be typed into a separate cell in the table) with only horizontal lines above and below the table column headers and at the bottom of the table (using 1 pt for the top and bottom lines and 0.5 point for any middle line). No vertical lines should be included in any table. Each table MUST not exceed 6.5 x 7 inches (16.5 x 17.8 cm, width x height) and MUST be inserted at the appropriate position in the text just below where it was referred to the first time. The title should be typed at the top of the table in the sentence case format, i.e., only the first name should be in capital letters; names should also be in capital letters, as appropriate. Any footnote should be typed at the top and bottom of the table in italic.  

Illustrations: These should be numbered with arabic numerals using signle space to separate the Figure and the number (eg, Figure 1, Figure 2, etc) and refered to independently (do not refer to more than one figure) in text. The maximum number of Figures allowed in a paper is nine (9). Each figure should be professionally drawn electronically and inserted in the appropriate position where it was first cited within the text. Symbols, lettering, and numbering MUST NOT be in bold print and should be clear and large enough to remain legible (be at least 9 points in size) after the figure has been reduced to 1/2 of the original size. While photographs may be produced in any color, graphs MUST be drawn only in black color unless the author is prepared to pay US$100.00 for each image in any color other than black. The legend and any footnote for each figure should be typed below the figure. If photographs of patients are used, either the subjects are not identifiable or their pictures must be accompanied by a written permission to use the images. Photographs must be clear and sharp. Labels of Tables MUST be in text form and MUST not form part of the image.

Manuscript charges

Once a manuscript is accepted for publication, the author(s) will be required to pay a publication charge of US$250.00 before the accepted paper is published. Authors may opt for fast-track (accelerated) review and publication which attracts a special publication charge of US$500.00 if the manuscript is accepted for publication. Manuscripts that fall under fast-track option would be published, if accepted for publication, within 2 - 4 months from the time they are sent for review. 

Copyright

Submission of a manuscript to this journal is a representation that the manuscript has not been published previously and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

All authors named in each manuscript would be required to sign a form (to be supplied by the Editor) so that they may retain their copyright in the article but to assign to us (the Publishers) and its licensees in perpetuity, in all forms, formats and media (whether known or created in the future) to (i) publish, reproduce, distribute, display and store the contribution, (ii) translate the contribution into other languages, create adaptations, reprints, include within collections and create summaries, extracts and/or abstracts of the contribution, (iii) create any other derivative works(s) based on the contribution, (iv) to exploit all subsidiary rights in the contribution, (v) the inclusion of electronic links from the contribution to third party material where-ever it may be located, and (vi) license any thrid party to do any or all of the above.

Ethical Matters

Authors using experimental animals and human subjects in their investigation must seek approval from the appropriate Ethical Committee in accordance with "Principles of Laboratory Animal Care" (NIH publication no. 85-23, revised 1985) and/or the declaration of Helsinki promulgated in 1964 as amended in 1996. The method section must include a statement to prove that the investigation was approved and that informed consent was obtained.

Galley Proofs

Unless indicated otherwise, galley proofs are sent to the address given for correspondence. It is the responsibility of the corresponding author to ensure that the galley proofs are returned without delay.

MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION CHECK-LIST

Please carefully go through the following check list. Non-compliance with TJPR manuscript formatting requirements will result in the manuscript being returned to the corresponding author for reformatting or rejection.

Dr. Augustine Okhamafe

Editor-in-Chief

Dr Patrick O Erah

Editor